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Nangona imowudi yokukrwitshwa idumile, enye into enokwenzeka sisihluzo se-EMI se-monolithic. Ukuba uyilo lunengqiqo, la macandelo e-ceramic angamaleyile amaninzi anokubonelela ngemo yocinezelo yengxolo eqhelekileyo.
Izinto ezininzi zonyusa inani "lokuphazamiseka" kokuphazamiseka okungonakalisa okanye ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo zombane. Imoto yanamhlanje ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo. Kwimoto, unokufumana i-Wi-Fi, iBluetooth, irediyo yesathelayithi, iinkqubo zeGPS, kwaye esi sisiqalo nje. Ukuze ulawule olu hlobo lokuphazamiseka kwengxolo, ishishini lidla ngokusebenzisa izihluzi zokukhusela kunye ne-EMI ukuphelisa ingxolo engafunekiyo. Kodwa ngoku ezinye izisombululo zemveli zokuphelisa i-EMI/RFI azisasebenzi.
Le ngxaki ibangele ukuba ii-OEM ezininzi ziphephe ukhetho olufana ne-2-capacitor differential, i-3-capacitor (i-X capacitor enye kunye ne-Y capacitor ezimbini), izihlungi ze-feedthrough, i-coke mode eqhelekileyo, okanye ukudibanisa kwezi zinto ukufumana izisombululo ezifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, kwisihluzo se-EMI seMonolithic kunye noxinzelelo olungcono lwengxolo kwiphakheji encinci.
Xa isixhobo sombane sifumana amaza ombane anamandla, imisinga engafunekiyo inokutsalwa kwisekethe kwaye ibangele ukusebenza okungalindelekanga-okanye iphazamise umsebenzi ocetywayo.
I-EMI/RFI inokuba ngohlobo lokuqhutywa okanye okukhutshwa ngemitha. Xa kuqhutywa i-EMI, oko kuthetha ukuba ingxolo isasazeke ngakwii-conductor zombane. Xa ingxolo isasazwa emoyeni ngendlela yemagnethi okanye amaza erediyo, i-EMI ephumayo iyenzeka.
Nokuba amandla asetyenziswa ngaphandle mancinci, ukuba axutywe namaza kanomathotholo asetyenziselwa usasazo nonxibelelwano, oko kuya kubangela ukusilela kokwamkela, ingxolo yesandi engaqhelekanga, okanye uphazamiseko lwevidiyo. Ukuba amandla anamandla kakhulu, isixhobo sombane sinokonakala.
Imithombo ibandakanya ingxolo yendalo (efana nokukhutshwa kwe-electrostatic, ukukhanyisa, kunye neminye imithombo) kunye nengxolo eyenziweyo (njengengxolo yoqhagamshelwano, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuvuza eziphezulu, imitha eyingozi, njl. njl.). Ngokubanzi, ingxolo ye-EMI/RFI yingxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke isisombululo kukusebenzisa izihluzi ze-EMI ukuphelisa iifrikhwensi eziphezulu ezingafunekiyo njengesixhobo esahlukileyo okanye esifakwe kwibhodi yesekethe.
Isihluzo se-EMI se-EMI siqhele ukuqulunqwa ngamacandelo angenayo, njenge-capacitors kunye nee-inductors, ezidityaniswe ukwenza isekethe.
“Ii-Inductors ivumela i-DC okanye i-low-frequency current ukuba idlule, ngelixa ivala imisinga eyingozi engafunwayo ephezulu. IiCapacitors zibonelela ngendlela ephantsi yokuthintela ingxolo ephezulu-frequency ukusuka kwigalelo lokucoca ukubuyisela amandla okanye uxhulumaniso lomhlaba, "kusho uJohanson Dielectrics Christophe Cambrelin uthe inkampani yenza i-multilayer ceramic capacitors kunye ne-EMI filters.
Iindlela zokucoca eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya izihluzo ezisezantsi ezidlulayo zisebenzisa i-capacitors ezigqithisa izibonakaliso kunye ne-frequency ephantsi kune-frequency cutoff frequency ekhethiweyo kwaye igxininise imiqondiso kunye ne-frequencies ephezulu kune-cutoff frequency.
Isiqalo esiqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa i-pair of capacitors kwi-configuration eyahlukileyo, usebenzisa i-capacitor phakathi komkhondo ngamnye kunye nomhlaba wegalelo lokwahlukana. Isihluzo se-capacitor kwisebe ngalinye sidlulisela i-EMI/RFI emhlabeni ngaphezu kwe-frequency cutoff frequency. Ekubeni olu lungelelwaniso lubandakanya ukuthumela iimpawu zesigaba esichaseneyo ngeengcingo ezimbini, kuphucula umlinganiselo wesignali ukuya kwingxolo ngelixa uthumela ingxolo engafunekiyo emhlabeni.
"Ngelishwa, ixabiso le-capacitance ye-MLCCs kunye ne-X7R dielectrics (ehlala isetyenziselwa lo msebenzi) iyahluka kakhulu ngexesha, i-voltage ye-bias, kunye nokushisa," kusho uCambrelin.
Ke nokuba ezi capacitors zimbini zihambelana ngokusondeleyo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kunye nombane ophantsi, ngexesha elinikiweyo, kanye ixesha, i-voltage, okanye utshintsho lobushushu, banokuphela benexabiso elahluke kakhulu. Olu hlobo phakathi kwemigca emibini Ukungafani kuya kubangela iimpendulo ezingalinganiyo kufutshane nesihluzo sokusika. Ke ngoko, iguqula ingxolo yesiqhelo ibe yingxolo eyahlukileyo. ”
Esinye isisombululo kukudibanisa ixabiso elikhulu "X" capacitor phakathi kwee-capacitors ezimbini "Y". I-"X" ye-capacitor shunt inokubonelela ngesiphumo esifunekayo sendlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa, kodwa iya kuvelisa iziphumo ezingathandekiyo zohluzo lweempawu ezingathandekiyo. Mhlawumbi esona sisombululo sixhaphakileyo kunye nezinye iindlela zokucoca iindlela ezisezantsi ziziimowudi ezixhaphakileyo.
Imowudi eqhelekileyo ikrwitsha yi-1:1 i-transformer apho omabini amajiko asebenza njengeprayimari kunye neyesibini. Ngale ndlela, i-current edlula kwi-winding enye ibangela umsinga ochaseneyo kwenye i-winging. Ngelishwa, iimowudi eziqhelekileyo zikwanzima, ziyabiza, kwaye zinokusilela okubangelwa kukungcangcazela.
Nangona kunjalo, imowudi eqhelekileyo efanelekileyo ikrwitsha ngongqamaniso olugqibeleleyo kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwee-windings elubala kwiimpawu zokwahlula kwaye inomqobo ophezulu kwingxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo. Enye into engalunganga yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuminxeka luluhlu lwamaza ombane olulinganiselweyo olubangelwa yi-parasitic capacitance. Kwimathiriyeli engundoqo enikiweyo, kokukhona i-inductance iphezulu esetyenziselwa ukufumana ukuhluzwa okuphantsi, kokukhona inani lokujika elifunekayo kunye nomthamo weparasitic oza nawo, okwenza ukuhluzwa kwamaza amaninzi kungasebenzi.
Ukungahambelani kokunyamezela ukwenziwa komatshini phakathi kwe-windings kunokubangela ukuguqulwa kwemowudi, apho inxalenye yamandla omqondiso iguqulwa ibe yingxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo, kwaye ngokuphambeneyo. Le meko iya kubangela ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic kunye nemiba yokugomela. Ukungafani kwakhona kunciphisa i-inductance esebenzayo yomlenze ngamnye.
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, xa isignali yokwahlukana (ukudlula) isebenza kuluhlu lwamaza afanayo njengengxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo ekufuneka icinezelwe, imowudi eqhelekileyo ikrwitsha inenzuzo enkulu ngaphezu kwezinye iinketho. Usebenzisa imowudi eqhelekileyo ukuminxeka, i-passband yomqondiso inokwandiswa kwi-stopband yendlela eqhelekileyo.
Izihluzi ze-EMI ze-Monolithic Nangona ukuxutywa kwemowudi eqhelekileyo kudumile, enye into enokwenzeka zizihluzi ze-EMI ze-monolithic. Ukuba uyilo lunengqiqo, la macandelo e-ceramic angamaleyile amaninzi anokubonelela ngemo yocinezelo yengxolo eqhelekileyo. Badibanisa i-capacitor elinganayo elinganayo kwiphakheji enye, enokurhoxiswa kwe-inductance kunye nemiphumo yokukhusela. Ezi zihluzo zisebenzisa iindlela zombane ezimbini ezizimeleyo kwisixhobo esinye esiqhagamshelwe kuqhagamshelo olune lwangaphandle.
Ukuthintela ukudideka, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isihluzo se-EMI se-monolithic asiyiyo i-feedthrough capacitor yendabuko. Nangona zibukeka zifana (iphakheji efanayo kunye nenkangeleko), uyilo lwazo lwahluke kakhulu, kwaye iindlela zabo zokunxibelelana zahlukile. Njengezinye izihluzi ze-EMI, isihluzo se-EMI se-monolithic sinciphisa onke amandla ngaphezu kwe-frequency cut-off frequency, kwaye ikhetha kuphela amandla omqondiso afunekayo ukuba adlule, ngelixa uhambisa ingxolo engafunekiyo "kumhlaba".
Nangona kunjalo, isitshixo siphantsi kakhulu inductance kunye ne-impedance ehambelanayo. Ukucoca i-EMI ye-monolithic, i-terminal ixhunyiwe ngaphakathi kwireferensi eqhelekileyo (ukukhusela) i-electrode kwisixhobo, kwaye ibhodi ihlukaniswe yi-electrode reference. Ngokubhekiselele kumbane we-static, ii-nodes ezintathu zombane zenziwe ngama-halves amabini e-capacitive, abelana nge-electrode yereferensi eqhelekileyo, zonke ii-electrode zokubhekisela ziqulethwe kumzimba omnye we-ceramic.
Ibhalansi phakathi kweziqingatha ezimbini ze-capacitor ikwathetha ukuba iziphumo ze-piezoelectric ziyalingana kwaye zichasana, zirhoxisa enye kwenye. Olu lwalamano lukwachaphazela utshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nombane, ngoko ke amacandelo akwimigca emibini aneqondo elifanayo lokuguga. Ukuba ezi zihluzo ze-EMI ze-monolithic zine-didvantage, azinakusetyenziswa ukuba ingxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo yi-frequency efanayo njengophawu lokwahlukana. Kule meko, imowudi eqhelekileyo sisisombululo esingcono, utshilo uCambrelin.
Bhrawuza ushicilelo lwamva nje lweLizwe loYilo kunye nemiba edlulileyo ngendlela ekulula ukuyisebenzisa, ifomati ekumgangatho ophezulu. Hlela, yabelana kwaye ukhuphele kwangoko ngeemagazini eziphambili zobunjineli boyilo.
Iforamu ye-EE yokusombulula ingxaki ephezulu, egubungela i-microcontrollers, i-DSP, inethiwekhi, i-analog kunye noyilo lwedijithali, i-RF, i-electronics yamandla, i-PCB wiring, njl.
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