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Izazinzulu ziye zaphuhlisa aigumbi lokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingoonokunika amandla nayiphi na ilaptop, ithebhulethi okanye ifowuni ephathwayo emoyeni ngaphandle kwemfuneko yeeplagi okanye iintambo.
Iqela kwiYunivesithi yaseTokyo lathi ubuchule obutsha bubandakanya ukuvelisa amandla ombane kumgama omde ngaphandle kokudala iindawo zombane ezinokuba yingozi kuye nabani na okanye kwizilwanyana ezisegumbini.
Inkqubo, evavanyiweyo kwigumbi kodwa isebuntwaneni bayo, inokunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 watts yamandla ngaphandle kokugqithisa izikhokelo zangoku malunga nokuvezwa komntu kwimida yamagnetic, ababhali bokufunda bachaza.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula nasiphi na isixhobo esinekhoyili ngaphakathi, esifana nenkqubo esetyenziswa ngamaphedi angokutshaja angenazingcingo - kodwa ngaphandle kwepadi yokutshaja.
Ukongeza ekususeni iinyanda zeentambo zokutshaja kwiidesika, kunokuvumela izixhobo ezininzi ukuba zizenzekele ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwesidingo samachweba, iiplagi okanye iintambo, iqela lathi.
Iqela lathi inkqubo yangoku ibandakanya isibonda samagnetic phakathi kwegumbi ukuvumela indawo yamagnetic ukuba "ifikelele kuzo zonke iikona", kodwa isebenza ngaphandle kwayo, ukuchasana kuba "indawo efileyo" apho ukutshaja okungenazintambo kungenakwenzeka.
Abaphandi abazange bachaze ukuba iteknoloji iya kuba yindleko kangakanani kuba isekho kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso kwaye "iminyaka kude" ukuba ifumaneke kuluntu.
Nangona kunjalo, xa kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela kwakhona isakhiwo esele sikhona okanye ukudibanisa kwisakhiwo esitsha ngokupheleleyo, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwepali ephakathi.
Ubuchwephesha buya kuvumela nasiphi na isixhobo sombane - njengefowuni, i-fan okanye isibane - ukuba sihlawuliswe ngaphandle kwemfuneko yeentambo, kwaye njengoko kubonwa kweli gumbi elenziwe yiYunivesithi yaseTokyo, libonisa ukuba lisebenza. i-pole, eyenza ukunyusa ubungakanani bemagnethi
Inkqubo ibandakanya isithuba esisembindini wegumbi “ukugcwalisa izikhewu ezingagqunywanga ziicapacitors eludongeni,” kodwa ababhali bathi isaya kusebenza ngaphandle kwesithuba, njengoko kubonisiwe, kodwa iya kubangela indawo efileyo apho ukutshaja kungasayi kutshaja. umsebenzi
I-Lumped capacitors, eyenzelwe ukwahlula inkqubo ye-thermal, ifakwe kwidonga lodonga ngalunye olujikeleze igumbi.
Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko ebantwini nakwizilwanyana esithubeni, njengoko amasimi ombane enokufudumeza inyama yebhayoloji.
I-electrode conductive central ifakwe kwigumbi ukuvelisa i-circular magnetic field.
Ekubeni intsimi yamagnetic isetyhula ngokungagqibekanga, inokuzalisa naziphi na izikhewu kwigumbi elingagqunywanga ngamacapacitors eludongeni.
Izixhobo ezifana neeselfowuni kunye neelaptops zineekhoyili ngaphakathi ezinokuhlawuliswa ngokusebenzisa imagnethi.
Inkqubo inokubonelela ngama-watts angama-50 ngaphandle komngcipheko kubantu okanye kwizilwanyana kwigumbi.
Olunye usetyenziso lubandakanya iinguqulelo ezincinci zezixhobo zamandla kwiibhokisi zezixhobo, okanye iinguqulelo ezinkulu ezinokuvumela izityalo zonke ukuba zisebenze ngaphandle kweentambo.
"Oku komeleza kakhulu amandla ehlabathi elisebenza ngekhompyutha - ungabeka ikhompyuter yakho naphi na ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nokutshaja okanye ukuplaga," utshilo umbhali-mbhali u-Alanson Sample weYunivesithi yaseMichigan.
Kukwakho nezicelo zeklinikhi, ngokutsho kweSampuli, owathi ukufakelwa kwentliziyo okwangoku kufuna ucingo olusuka kwimpompo ukuze ludlule emzimbeni luye kwisokethi.
“Oku kunokuphelisa le meko,” batsho ababhali, besongeza ukuba kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo ngokuphelisa iingcingo ngokupheleleyo, “kunciphise umngcipheko wosulelo nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulana.”
Ukutshaja okungenazingcingo kungqineke kuyimpikiswano, kuphononongo lwakutsha nje lufumanise ukuba uhlobo lweemagnethi kunye neekhoyili ezisetyenziswa kwezinye iimveliso ze-Apple zinokuvala iipacemakers kunye nezixhobo ezifanayo.
"Izifundo zethu ezijolise kwi-static cavity resonances azisebenzisi iimagnethi ezisisigxina kwaye ke azibeki impilo kunye nokhuseleko olufanayo," utshilo.
“Endaweni yoko, sisebenzisa i-oscillating fields magnetic ephantsi-frequency ukuhambisa umbane ngaphandle kwamacingo, kwaye imilo kunye nokwakheka kweeresonators zecavity kusivumela ukuba silawule kwaye siqondise la mabala.
“Siyakhuthazwa ukuba uhlalutyo lwethu lokuqala lokhuseleko lubonise ukuba amandla aluncedo anokudluliselwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo. Siza kuqhubeka nokuphonononga nokuphuhlisa obu bugcisa ukuze buhlangabezane okanye bodlule yonke imigangatho elawulayo yokhuseleko.
Ukubonisa inkqubo entsha, bafakele isiseko sokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo kwindawo eyakhiwe nge-10-foot-by-10-foot-aluminiyam "igumbi lovavanyo."
Emva koko bayisebenzisela ukukhanyisa izibane, iifeni kunye neeselfowuni, ukutsala umbane naphi na kwigumbi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuphi na ifenitshala okanye abantu.
Abaphandi bathi le nkqubo luphuculo olubalulekileyo kwiinzame zangaphambili zokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo, ebezisebenzisa imitha ye-microwave enokuba yingozi okanye ifune ukubeka isixhobo kwipadi yokutshaja ezinikeleyo.
Endaweni yoko, isebenzisa imiphezulu eqhubayo kunye nee-electrode kwiindonga zegumbi ukuvelisa indawo yamagnetic apho izixhobo zinokungena xa zifuna amandla.
Izixhobo zisebenzisa amandla kazibuthe ngokusebenzisa iikhoyili, ezinokudityaniswa kwizixhobo zombane ezifana neeselfowuni.
Abaphandi bathi le nkqubo inokukalwa ngokulula ukuya kwizakhiwo ezikhulu, ezinje ngeefektri okanye iindawo zokugcina iimpahla, ngelixa isadibana nezikhokelo zokhuseleko lwe-electromagnetic field exposure ekhoyo esetwe yi-US Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
"Into efana nale ilula kakhulu ukuphumeza kwizakhiwo ezitsha, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ukubuyisela kwakhona kunokwenzeka," kusho uTakuya Sasatani, umphandi weYunivesithi yaseTokyo kunye nombhali ohambelanayo wokufunda.
"Ngokomzekelo, ezinye izakhiwo zorhwebo sele zineentsimbi zokuxhasa intsimbi kwaye kufanele ukuba kukwazi ukutshiza indawo eqhubayo kwiindonga, ezinokufana nendlela eyenziwe ngayo iisilingi."
Ababhali bophononongo bachaza ukuba inkqubo inokuhambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-watts ye-50 yamandla ngaphandle kokudlula izikhokelo zeFCC zokuvezwa komntu kumhlaba wamagnetic.
Ababhali bophononongo bachaza ukuba inkqubo inokuhambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-watts ye-50 yamandla ngaphandle kokudlula izikhokelo zeFCC zokuvezwa komntu kumhlaba wamagnetic.
Umhlaba wemagnethi uchaza indlela amandla kazibuthe asasazwa ngayo kwindawo ejikeleze into enomagnetic.
Ibandakanya impembelelo yemagnethi kwiintlawulo ezihambayo, imisinga kunye nezixhobo zombane.
Umhlaba uvelisa imagnethi yawo, enceda ukukhusela umphezulu wemitha yelanga eyingozi.
Isitshixo sokwenza inkqubo isebenze, iSampuli ithi, kukwenza ulwakhiwo olukwaziyo ukuhambisa indawo enemagnethi enobungakanani begumbi ngelixa uvale amasimi ombane anobungozi anokuthi ashushubeze izicubu zebhayoloji.
Isisombululo seqela sisebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-lumped capacitor, ehambelana nemodeli ye-lumped capacitance - apho inkqubo ye-thermal iyancitshiswa ibe yi-discrete lumps.
Ukwahluka kweqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi kwebhloko nganye ayinanto kwaye sele isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekwakheni iinkqubo zokulawula imozulu.
I-Capacitors efakwe kwiindonga zodonga zenza umhlaba wamagnetic ojikelezayo kwigumbi ngelixa ubamba indawo yombane ngaphakathi kwe-capacitor ngokwayo.
Oku koyisa imida yeenkqubo zangaphambili zamandla ezingasebenzi ngeengcingo, ebezilinganiselwe ekunikezeni amandla amakhulu kumgama omncinci weemilimitha ezimbalwa, okanye amanani amancinci kakhulu kwimigama emide, enokuba yingozi ebantwini.
Iqela kwakhona kwafuneka lenze indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba wabo wemagnethi ufikelela kuzo zonke iikona zegumbi, ukuphelisa naziphi na "iindawo ezifileyo" ezinokuthi zingahlawulisi.
Imimandla yamagnetic ivame ukusabalalisa kwiipatheni ezijikelezayo, ukudala iindawo ezifileyo kumagumbi ayisikwere kwaye kunzima ukulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye neekhoyili kwisixhobo.
"Ukuzoba amandla emoyeni ngekhoyili kufana nokubamba amabhabhathane ngomnatha," utshilo uSample, wongeza ukuba iqhinga "kukufumana amabhabhathane amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukujikeleza igumbi kumacala amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka."
Ngokuba namabhabhathane amaninzi, okanye kule meko, iindawo ezininzi zemagnethi ezisebenzisanayo, nokuba iphi na iwebhu, okanye ukuba yalatha yeyiphi na indlela – uyakubetha ekujoliswe kuko.
Omnye ujikeleza ipali esembindini wegumbi, ngoxa omnye ejikela ezikoneni, eluka phakathi kweendonga ezimeleneyo.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukutshaja nasiphi na isixhobo esinekhoyili ngaphakathi, efana nenkqubo esetyenziswa ziipads zokutshaja ezingenazingcingo zangoku - kodwa ngaphandle kwepadi yokutshaja.
Abaphandi abazange bachaze ukuba iteknoloji inokubiza malini, njengoko isekho kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso, kodwa "iya kuthatha iminyaka" kwaye inokubuyiselwa kwizakhiwo esele ikho okanye idityaniswe kwizakhiwo ezitsha xa zikhoyo phakathi.
Ngokutsho kweSampuli, le ndlela iphelisa amabala afileyo, ivumela izixhobo ukuba zitsale amandla naphi na kwindawo.